# Balance sheet and debt report

> The balance sheet in Financist shows, for a chosen date, what the business owns (cash, receivables, stock, fixed assets) and what it owes (payables); the difference is equity. A separate debt report breaks receivables and payables down by counterparty and by ageing, down to the individual document.

A snapshot of what the business owns and owes on any date, plus a separate report of who owes whom and for how long.

## What a balance sheet is and how it differs from other reports

**A balance sheet** is a snapshot of financial position on a specific date: what the business has (**assets**), what it owes (**liabilities**) and what is left for the owner (**equity**). Unlike the [cash flow statement](https://findir.rozum.one/en/features/cash-flow/) and the [P&L](https://findir.rozum.one/en/features/profit-loss/), it is about a moment, not a period. The three reports are compared in the [guide to cash flow, profit and balance](https://findir.rozum.one/en/guides/cash-flow-vs-profit-vs-balance/).

This is a **management** balance sheet, built automatically from your accounts, transactions and commitments. It is not official statutory accounting.

### What is in the balance sheet

- **Assets**: cash on accounts (at the rate on that date), receivables, stock from the warehouse, fixed assets (cost, accumulated depreciation, net book value).
- **Liabilities**: payables, meaning unpaid commitments to suppliers and other counterparties.
- **Equity**: the difference between assets and liabilities, with retained earnings split into the current period, previous periods and currency differences.

You can pick any date up to today.

## What you can do

- **Balance on a date** — Pick a date or press "Today" or "End of last month". Assets, liabilities, equity and a reconciliation check are shown on top.
- **Breakdown by account** — One switch expands cash into individual accounts and lets you jump to their transactions.
- **Debt report** — Receivables ("owed to us") and payables ("we owe") by counterparty, together with cash on accounts and the net position.
- **Ageing buckets** — Columns: not yet due, 0–30, 31–60, 61–90 and over 90 days overdue.
- **Document-level detail** — Expand a counterparty to see date, description, amount, paid, remaining and days overdue for each commitment.
- **Filters, CSV, print** — Accounts, legal entities, counterparties and projects; CSV export and print.

## What the balance sheet is made of

| Section | What it includes | Where the data comes from |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cash | Account balances converted at the rate | Accounts and transactions |
| Receivables | Unpaid commitments owed to us | Transactions marked as commitments |
| Stock | Warehouse balances | Warehouse records (inventory and assets) |
| Fixed assets | Cost minus accumulated depreciation | Asset records (inventory and assets) |
| Payables | Unpaid commitments to counterparties | Transactions marked as commitments |
| Equity | Assets minus liabilities | Calculated automatically |

## Who it is for and what it answers

The balance sheet and debts matter to owners, finance managers and accountants when the question is solvency rather than a single month. The reports answer:

- How much cash, stock and equipment do we have, and how much do we owe?
- Which customers are late with payment, and by how many days?
- Which suppliers should we pay first?

For example, cash is 5,000 EUR, receivables 3,000 EUR, stock 2,000 EUR and fixed assets 10,000 EUR: assets total 20,000 EUR. Payables are 4,000 EUR, so equity is 16,000 EUR. If a customer was due to pay 1,000 EUR and the date passed 45 days ago, that amount sits in the "31–60 days" column. To see whether cash will cover upcoming payments, open the [payment calendar](https://findir.rozum.one/en/features/payment-calendar/).

## Open the balance sheet on demo data

**Open the balance sheet on demo data** The demo creates a workspace with accounts and transactions so you can see the balance and debts right away. [Try the demo](https://findir.rozum.one/app/)

## Frequently asked questions

### What is a balance sheet in plain words?

A balance sheet is a snapshot of the business on a date: what it has (cash, customer debts, stock, equipment), what it owes and what is left for the owner. Assets always equal liabilities plus equity. Unlike the cash flow statement and the P&L, it does not show turnover for a period.

### Where do receivables and payables come from?

From transactions marked as commitments. While a commitment is unpaid it counts as a debt, and payments linked to it reduce the remaining amount. If a customer is due to pay you, it is a receivable; if you are due to pay, it is a payable.

### Does this balance sheet replace statutory accounts?

No. It is a management balance sheet for decision-making, built from the data in Financist. Official statutory accounts are prepared by an accountant according to the law of your country.

### For which date can I build the balance sheet?

For any date up to today. There are quick buttons for "Today" and "End of last month". Cash is calculated from account balances on that date.

### How do the buckets in the debt report work?

The age is counted from the commitment date. If the date has not arrived yet, the debt is in "Not yet due"; after that it moves to 0–30, 31–60, 61–90 or over 90 days overdue. You can see at once what to chase first.

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Source: https://findir.rozum.one/en/features/balance-sheet/